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                    测试多返回值函数的错误
            
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                    传递变长参数
            
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                    defer 和追踪
            
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                    将函数作为参数
            
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                    计算函数执行时间
            
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                    通过内存缓存来提升性能
            
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                    数组与切片
            
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                    切片的复制与追加
            
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                    字符串、数组和切片的应用
            
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                    Map
            
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                    声明、初始化和 make
            
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                    测试键值对是否存在及删除元素
            
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                    for-range 的配套用法
            
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                    map 类型的切片
            
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                    map 的排序
            
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                    将 map 的键值对调
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.6.3" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/09.3.html">
  
  <a href="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/09.3.html">
    
                    
                    锁和 sync 包
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.6.4" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/09.4.html">
  
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                    精密计算和 big 包
            
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</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.6.5" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/09.5.html">
  
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                    自定义包和可见性
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.6.6" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/09.6.html">
  
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                    为自定义包使用 godoc
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.6.7" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/09.7.html">
  
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                    使用 go install 安装自定义包
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.6.8" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/09.8.html">
  
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                    自定义包的目录结构、go install 和 go test
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.6.9" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/09.9.html">
  
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                    通过 Git 打包和安装
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.6.10" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/09.10.html">
  
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                    Go 的外部包和项目
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.6.11" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/09.11.html">
  
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                    在 Go 程序中使用外部库
            
    </a>
    

    
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    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.7" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/10.0.html">
  
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                    结构（struct）与方法（method）
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.7.1" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/10.1.html">
  
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                    结构体定义
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.7.2" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/10.2.html">
  
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                    使用工厂方法创建结构体实例
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.7.3" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/10.3.html">
  
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                    使用自定义包中的结构体
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.7.4" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/10.4.html">
  
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                    带标签的结构体
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.7.5" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/10.5.html">
  
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                    匿名字段和内嵌结构体
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.7.6" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/10.6.html">
  
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                    方法
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.7.7" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/10.7.html">
  
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                    类型的 String() 方法和格式化描述符
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.7.8" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/10.8.html">
  
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                    垃圾回收和 SetFinalizer
            
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</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.8" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/11.0.html">
  
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                    接口（interface）与反射（reflection）
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.8.1" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/11.1.html">
  
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                    接口是什么
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.8.2" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/11.2.html">
  
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                    接口嵌套接口
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.8.3" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/11.3.html">
  
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                    类型断言：如何检测和转换接口变量的类型
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.8.4" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/11.4.html">
  
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                    类型判断：type-switch
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.8.5" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/11.5.html">
  
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                    测试一个值是否实现了某个接口
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.8.6" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/11.6.html">
  
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                    使用方法集与接口
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.8.7" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/11.7.html">
  
  <a href="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/11.7.html">
    
                    
                    第一个例子：使用 Sorter 接口排序
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.8.8" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/11.8.html">
  
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                    第二个例子：读和写
            
    </a>
    

    
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.8.9" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/11.9.html">
  
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                    空接口
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.8.9.1" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/11.10.html">
  
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                    反射包
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.8.9.2" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/11.11.html">
  
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                    Printf 和反射
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.8.9.3" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/11.12.html">
  
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                    接口与动态类型
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.8.9.4" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/11.13.html">
  
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                    总结：Go 中的面向对象
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.3.8.9.5" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/11.14.html">
  
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                    结构体、集合和高阶函数
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4" >
  
      <span>
            
                    
                    第三部分：Go 高级编程
            
    </span>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.1" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/12.0.html">
  
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                    读写数据
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.1.1" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/12.1.html">
  
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                    读取用户的输入
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.1.2" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/12.2.html">
  
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                    文件读写
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.1.3" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/12.3.html">
  
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                    文件拷贝
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.1.4" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/12.4.html">
  
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                    从命令行读取参数
            
    </a>
    

    
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.1.5" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/12.5.html">
  
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                    用 buffer 读取文件
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.1.6" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/12.6.html">
  
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                    用切片读写文件
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.1.7" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/12.7.html">
  
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                    用 defer 关闭文件
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.1.8" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/12.8.html">
  
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                    使用接口的实际例子：fmt.Fprintf
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.1.9" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/12.9.html">
  
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                    格式化 JSON 数据
            
    </a>
    

    
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.1.10" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/12.10.html">
  
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                    XML 数据格式
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.1.11" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/12.11.html">
  
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                    用 Gob 传输数据
            
    </a>
    

    
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.1.12" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/12.12.html">
  
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                    Go 中的密码学
            
    </a>
    

    
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    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.2" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/13.0.html">
  
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                    错误处理与测试
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.2.1" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/13.1.html">
  
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                    错误处理
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.2.2" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/13.2.html">
  
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                    运行时异常和 panic
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.2.3" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/13.3.html">
  
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                    从 panic 中恢复（Recover）
            
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</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.2.4" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/13.4.html">
  
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                    自定义包中的错误处理和 panicking
            
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</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.2.5" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/13.5.html">
  
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                    一种用闭包处理错误的模式
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.2.6" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/13.6.html">
  
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                    启动外部命令和程序
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.2.7" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/13.7.html">
  
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                    Go 中的单元测试和基准测试
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.2.8" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/13.8.html">
  
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                    测试的具体例子
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.2.9" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/13.9.html">
  
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                    用（测试数据）表驱动测试
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.4.2.10" data-path="../../the-way-to-go/eBook/13.10.html">
  
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                    性能调试：分析并优化 Go 程序
            
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</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3" data-path="../../gopl/">
  
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                    Go语言圣经
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.1" data-path="../../gopl/preface.html">
  
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                    前言
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.1.1" data-path="../../gopl/ch0/ch0-01.html">
  
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                    Go语言起源
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.1.2" data-path="../../gopl/ch0/ch0-02.html">
  
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                    Go语言项目
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.1.3" data-path="../../gopl/ch0/ch0-03.html">
  
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                    本书的组织
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.1.4" data-path="../../gopl/ch0/ch0-04.html">
  
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                    更多的信息
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.1.5" data-path="../../gopl/ch0/ch0-05.html">
  
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                    致谢
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2" data-path="../../gopl/ch1/ch1.html">
  
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                    入门
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.1" data-path="../../gopl/ch1/ch1-01.html">
  
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                    Hello, World
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.2" data-path="../../gopl/ch1/ch1-02.html">
  
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                    命令行参数
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.3" data-path="../../gopl/ch1/ch1-03.html">
  
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                    查找重复的行
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.4" data-path="../../gopl/ch1/ch1-04.html">
  
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                    GIF动画
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.5" data-path="../../gopl/ch1/ch1-05.html">
  
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                    获取URL
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.6" data-path="../../gopl/ch1/ch1-06.html">
  
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                    并发获取多个URL
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.7" data-path="../../gopl/ch1/ch1-07.html">
  
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                    Web服务
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.8" data-path="../../gopl/ch1/ch1-08.html">
  
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                    本章要点
            
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    </ul>
    
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3" data-path="../../gopl/ch2/ch2.html">
  
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                    程序结构
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.1" data-path="../../gopl/ch2/ch2-01.html">
  
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                    命名
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.2" data-path="../../gopl/ch2/ch2-02.html">
  
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                    声明
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.3" data-path="../../gopl/ch2/ch2-03.html">
  
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                    变量
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.4" data-path="../../gopl/ch2/ch2-04.html">
  
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                    赋值
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.5" data-path="../../gopl/ch2/ch2-05.html">
  
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                    类型
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.6" data-path="../../gopl/ch2/ch2-06.html">
  
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                    包和文件
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.7" data-path="../../gopl/ch2/ch2-07.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch2/ch2-07.html">
    
                    
                    作用域
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4" data-path="../../gopl/ch3/ch3.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch3/ch3.html">
    
                    
                    基础数据类型
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4.1" data-path="../../gopl/ch3/ch3-01.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch3/ch3-01.html">
    
                    
                    整型
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4.2" data-path="../../gopl/ch3/ch3-02.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch3/ch3-02.html">
    
                    
                    浮点数
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4.3" data-path="../../gopl/ch3/ch3-03.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch3/ch3-03.html">
    
                    
                    复数
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4.4" data-path="../../gopl/ch3/ch3-04.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch3/ch3-04.html">
    
                    
                    布尔型
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4.5" data-path="../../gopl/ch3/ch3-05.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch3/ch3-05.html">
    
                    
                    字符串
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4.6" data-path="../../gopl/ch3/ch3-06.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch3/ch3-06.html">
    
                    
                    常量
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.5" data-path="../../gopl/ch4/ch4.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch4/ch4.html">
    
                    
                    复合数据类型
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.5.1" data-path="../../gopl/ch4/ch4-01.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch4/ch4-01.html">
    
                    
                    数组
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.5.2" data-path="../../gopl/ch4/ch4-02.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch4/ch4-02.html">
    
                    
                    Slice
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.5.3" data-path="../../gopl/ch4/ch4-03.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch4/ch4-03.html">
    
                    
                    Map
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.5.4" data-path="../../gopl/ch4/ch4-04.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch4/ch4-04.html">
    
                    
                    结构体
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.5.5" data-path="../../gopl/ch4/ch4-05.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch4/ch4-05.html">
    
                    
                    JSON
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.5.6" data-path="../../gopl/ch4/ch4-06.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch4/ch4-06.html">
    
                    
                    文本和HTML模板
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.6" data-path="../../gopl/ch5/ch5.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch5/ch5.html">
    
                    
                    函数
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.6.1" data-path="../../gopl/ch5/ch5-01.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch5/ch5-01.html">
    
                    
                    函数声明
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.6.2" data-path="../../gopl/ch5/ch5-02.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch5/ch5-02.html">
    
                    
                    递归
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.6.3" data-path="../../gopl/ch5/ch5-03.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch5/ch5-03.html">
    
                    
                    多返回值
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.6.4" data-path="../../gopl/ch5/ch5-04.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch5/ch5-04.html">
    
                    
                    错误
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.6.5" data-path="../../gopl/ch5/ch5-05.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch5/ch5-05.html">
    
                    
                    函数值
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.6.6" data-path="../../gopl/ch5/ch5-06.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch5/ch5-06.html">
    
                    
                    匿名函数
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.6.7" data-path="../../gopl/ch5/ch5-07.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch5/ch5-07.html">
    
                    
                    可变参数
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.6.8" data-path="../../gopl/ch5/ch5-08.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch5/ch5-08.html">
    
                    
                    Deferred函数
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.6.9" data-path="../../gopl/ch5/ch5-09.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch5/ch5-09.html">
    
                    
                    Panic异常
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.6.10" data-path="../../gopl/ch5/ch5-10.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch5/ch5-10.html">
    
                    
                    Recover捕获异常
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.7" data-path="../../gopl/ch6/ch6.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch6/ch6.html">
    
                    
                    方法
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.7.1" data-path="../../gopl/ch6/ch6-01.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch6/ch6-01.html">
    
                    
                    方法声明
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.7.2" data-path="../../gopl/ch6/ch6-02.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch6/ch6-02.html">
    
                    
                    基于指针对象的方法
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.7.3" data-path="../../gopl/ch6/ch6-03.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch6/ch6-03.html">
    
                    
                    通过嵌入结构体来扩展类型
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.7.4" data-path="../../gopl/ch6/ch6-04.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch6/ch6-04.html">
    
                    
                    方法值和方法表达式
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.7.5" data-path="../../gopl/ch6/ch6-05.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch6/ch6-05.html">
    
                    
                    示例: Bit数组
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.7.6" data-path="../../gopl/ch6/ch6-06.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch6/ch6-06.html">
    
                    
                    封装
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.8" data-path="../../gopl/ch7/ch7.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch7/ch7.html">
    
                    
                    接口
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.8.1" data-path="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-01.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-01.html">
    
                    
                    接口是合约
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.8.2" data-path="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-02.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-02.html">
    
                    
                    接口类型
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.8.3" data-path="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-03.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-03.html">
    
                    
                    实现接口的条件
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.8.4" data-path="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-04.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-04.html">
    
                    
                    flag.Value接口
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.8.5" data-path="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-05.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-05.html">
    
                    
                    接口值
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.8.6" data-path="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-06.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-06.html">
    
                    
                    sort.Interface接口
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.8.7" data-path="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-07.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-07.html">
    
                    
                    http.Handler接口
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.8.8" data-path="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-08.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-08.html">
    
                    
                    error接口
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.8.9" data-path="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-09.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-09.html">
    
                    
                    示例: 表达式求值
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.8.10" data-path="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-10.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-10.html">
    
                    
                    类型断言
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.8.11" data-path="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-11.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-11.html">
    
                    
                    基于类型断言识别错误类型
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.8.12" data-path="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-12.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-12.html">
    
                    
                    通过类型断言查询接口
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.8.13" data-path="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-13.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-13.html">
    
                    
                    类型分支
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.8.14" data-path="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-14.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-14.html">
    
                    
                    示例: 基于标记的XML解码
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.8.15" data-path="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-15.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch7/ch7-15.html">
    
                    
                    补充几点
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.9" data-path="../../gopl/ch8/ch8.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch8/ch8.html">
    
                    
                    Goroutines和Channels
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.9.1" data-path="../../gopl/ch8/ch8-01.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch8/ch8-01.html">
    
                    
                    Goroutines
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.9.2" data-path="../../gopl/ch8/ch8-02.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch8/ch8-02.html">
    
                    
                    示例: 并发的Clock服务
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.9.3" data-path="../../gopl/ch8/ch8-03.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch8/ch8-03.html">
    
                    
                    示例: 并发的Echo服务
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.9.4" data-path="../../gopl/ch8/ch8-04.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch8/ch8-04.html">
    
                    
                    Channels
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.9.5" data-path="../../gopl/ch8/ch8-05.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch8/ch8-05.html">
    
                    
                    并发的循环
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.9.6" data-path="../../gopl/ch8/ch8-06.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch8/ch8-06.html">
    
                    
                    示例: 并发的Web爬虫
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.9.7" data-path="../../gopl/ch8/ch8-07.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch8/ch8-07.html">
    
                    
                    基于select的多路复用
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.9.8" data-path="../../gopl/ch8/ch8-08.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch8/ch8-08.html">
    
                    
                    示例: 并发的目录遍历
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.9.9" data-path="../../gopl/ch8/ch8-09.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch8/ch8-09.html">
    
                    
                    并发的退出
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.9.10" data-path="../../gopl/ch8/ch8-10.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch8/ch8-10.html">
    
                    
                    示例: 聊天服务
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.10" data-path="../../gopl/ch9/ch9.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch9/ch9.html">
    
                    
                    基于共享变量的并发
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.10.1" data-path="../../gopl/ch9/ch9-01.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch9/ch9-01.html">
    
                    
                    竞争条件
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.10.2" data-path="../../gopl/ch9/ch9-02.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch9/ch9-02.html">
    
                    
                    sync.Mutex互斥锁
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.10.3" data-path="../../gopl/ch9/ch9-03.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch9/ch9-03.html">
    
                    
                    sync.RWMutex读写锁
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.10.4" data-path="../../gopl/ch9/ch9-04.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch9/ch9-04.html">
    
                    
                    内存同步
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.10.5" data-path="../../gopl/ch9/ch9-05.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch9/ch9-05.html">
    
                    
                    sync.Once惰性初始化
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.10.6" data-path="../../gopl/ch9/ch9-06.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch9/ch9-06.html">
    
                    
                    竞争条件检测
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.10.7" data-path="../../gopl/ch9/ch9-07.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch9/ch9-07.html">
    
                    
                    示例: 并发的非阻塞缓存
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.10.8" data-path="../../gopl/ch9/ch9-08.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch9/ch9-08.html">
    
                    
                    Goroutines和线程
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.11" data-path="../../gopl/ch10/ch10.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch10/ch10.html">
    
                    
                    包和工具
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.11.1" data-path="../../gopl/ch10/ch10-01.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch10/ch10-01.html">
    
                    
                    包简介
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.11.2" data-path="../../gopl/ch10/ch10-02.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch10/ch10-02.html">
    
                    
                    导入路径
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.11.3" data-path="../../gopl/ch10/ch10-03.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch10/ch10-03.html">
    
                    
                    包声明
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.11.4" data-path="../../gopl/ch10/ch10-04.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch10/ch10-04.html">
    
                    
                    导入声明
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.11.5" data-path="../../gopl/ch10/ch10-05.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch10/ch10-05.html">
    
                    
                    包的匿名导入
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.11.6" data-path="../../gopl/ch10/ch10-06.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch10/ch10-06.html">
    
                    
                    包和命名
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.11.7" data-path="../../gopl/ch10/ch10-07.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch10/ch10-07.html">
    
                    
                    工具
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.12" data-path="../../gopl/ch11/ch11.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch11/ch11.html">
    
                    
                    测试
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.12.1" data-path="../../gopl/ch11/ch11-01.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch11/ch11-01.html">
    
                    
                    go test
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.12.2" data-path="../../gopl/ch11/ch11-02.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch11/ch11-02.html">
    
                    
                    测试函数
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.12.3" data-path="../../gopl/ch11/ch11-03.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch11/ch11-03.html">
    
                    
                    测试覆盖率
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.12.4" data-path="../../gopl/ch11/ch11-04.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch11/ch11-04.html">
    
                    
                    基准测试
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.12.5" data-path="../../gopl/ch11/ch11-05.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch11/ch11-05.html">
    
                    
                    剖析
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.12.6" data-path="../../gopl/ch11/ch11-06.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch11/ch11-06.html">
    
                    
                    示例函数
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.13" data-path="../../gopl/ch12/ch12.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch12/ch12.html">
    
                    
                    反射
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.13.1" data-path="../../gopl/ch12/ch12-01.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch12/ch12-01.html">
    
                    
                    为何需要反射?
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.13.2" data-path="../../gopl/ch12/ch12-02.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch12/ch12-02.html">
    
                    
                    reflect.Type和reflect.Value
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.13.3" data-path="../../gopl/ch12/ch12-03.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch12/ch12-03.html">
    
                    
                    Display递归打印
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.13.4" data-path="../../gopl/ch12/ch12-04.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch12/ch12-04.html">
    
                    
                    示例: 编码S表达式
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.13.5" data-path="../../gopl/ch12/ch12-05.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch12/ch12-05.html">
    
                    
                    通过reflect.Value修改值
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.13.6" data-path="../../gopl/ch12/ch12-06.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch12/ch12-06.html">
    
                    
                    示例: 解码S表达式
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.13.7" data-path="../../gopl/ch12/ch12-07.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch12/ch12-07.html">
    
                    
                    获取结构体字段标签
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.13.8" data-path="../../gopl/ch12/ch12-08.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch12/ch12-08.html">
    
                    
                    显示一个类型的方法集
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.13.9" data-path="../../gopl/ch12/ch12-09.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch12/ch12-09.html">
    
                    
                    几点忠告
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.14" data-path="../../gopl/ch13/ch13.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch13/ch13.html">
    
                    
                    底层编程
            
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.14.1" data-path="../../gopl/ch13/ch13-01.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch13/ch13-01.html">
    
                    
                    unsafe.Sizeof, Alignof 和 Offsetof
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.14.2" data-path="../../gopl/ch13/ch13-02.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch13/ch13-02.html">
    
                    
                    unsafe.Pointer
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.14.3" data-path="../../gopl/ch13/ch13-03.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch13/ch13-03.html">
    
                    
                    示例: 深度相等判断
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.14.4" data-path="../../gopl/ch13/ch13-04.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch13/ch13-04.html">
    
                    
                    通过cgo调用C代码
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.14.5" data-path="../../gopl/ch13/ch13-05.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/ch13/ch13-05.html">
    
                    
                    几点忠告
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.15" data-path="../../gopl/appendix/appendix.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/appendix/appendix.html">
    
                    
                    附录
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.15.1" data-path="../../gopl/appendix/appendix-a-errata.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/appendix/appendix-a-errata.html">
    
                    
                    附录A：原文勘误
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.15.2" data-path="../../gopl/appendix/appendix-b-author.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/appendix/appendix-b-author.html">
    
                    
                    附录B：作者译者
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.15.3" data-path="../../gopl/appendix/appendix-c-cpoyright.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/appendix/appendix-c-cpoyright.html">
    
                    
                    附录C：译文授权
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.15.4" data-path="../../gopl/appendix/appendix-d-translations.html">
  
  <a href="../../gopl/appendix/appendix-d-translations.html">
    
                    
                    附录D：其它语言
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/">
    
                    
                    Go Web 编程
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/01.0.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/01.0.html">
    
                    
                    Go环境配置
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.1" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/01.1.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/01.1.html">
    
                    
                    Go安装
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.2" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/01.2.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/01.2.html">
    
                    
                    GOPATH 与工作空间
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.3" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/01.3.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/01.3.html">
    
                    
                    Go 命令
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.4" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/01.4.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/01.4.html">
    
                    
                    Go开发工具
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.5" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/01.5.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/01.5.html">
    
                    
                    小结
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/02.0.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/02.0.html">
    
                    
                    Go语言基础
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.1" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/02.1.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/02.1.html">
    
                    
                    你好，Go
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.2" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/02.2.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/02.2.html">
    
                    
                    Go基础
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.3" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/02.3.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/02.3.html">
    
                    
                    流程和函数
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.4" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/02.4.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/02.4.html">
    
                    
                    struct
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.5" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/02.5.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/02.5.html">
    
                    
                    面向对象
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.6" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/02.6.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/02.6.html">
    
                    
                    interface
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.7" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/02.7.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/02.7.html">
    
                    
                    并发
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.8" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/02.8.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/02.8.html">
    
                    
                    小结
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/03.0.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/03.0.html">
    
                    
                    Web基础
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.1" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/03.1.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/03.1.html">
    
                    
                    web工作方式
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.2" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/03.2.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/03.2.html">
    
                    
                    Go搭建一个简单的web服务
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.3" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/03.3.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/03.3.html">
    
                    
                    Go如何使得web工作
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.4" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/03.4.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/03.4.html">
    
                    
                    Go的http包详解
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.5" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/03.5.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/03.5.html">
    
                    
                    小结
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/04.0.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/04.0.html">
    
                    
                    表单
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.1" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/04.1.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/04.1.html">
    
                    
                    处理表单的输入
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.2" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/04.2.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/04.2.html">
    
                    
                    验证表单的输入
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.3" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/04.3.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/04.3.html">
    
                    
                    预防跨站脚本
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.4" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/04.4.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/04.4.html">
    
                    
                    防止多次递交表单
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.5" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/04.5.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/04.5.html">
    
                    
                    处理文件上传
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.6" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/04.6.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/04.6.html">
    
                    
                    小结
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.5" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/05.0.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/05.0.html">
    
                    
                    访问数据库
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.5.1" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/05.1.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/05.1.html">
    
                    
                    database/sql接口
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.5.2" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/05.2.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/05.2.html">
    
                    
                    使用MySQL数据库
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.5.3" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/05.3.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/05.3.html">
    
                    
                    使用SQLite数据库
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.5.4" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/05.4.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/05.4.html">
    
                    
                    使用PostgreSQL数据库
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.5.5" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/05.5.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/05.5.html">
    
                    
                    使用beedb库进行ORM开发
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.5.6" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/05.6.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/05.6.html">
    
                    
                    NOSQL数据库操作
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.5.7" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/05.7.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/05.7.html">
    
                    
                    小结
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.6" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/06.0.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/06.0.html">
    
                    
                    session和数据存储
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.6.1" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/06.1.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/06.1.html">
    
                    
                    session和cookie
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.6.2" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/06.2.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/06.2.html">
    
                    
                    Go如何使用session
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.6.3" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/06.3.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/06.3.html">
    
                    
                    session存储
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.6.4" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/06.4.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/06.4.html">
    
                    
                    预防session劫持
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.6.5" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/06.5.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/06.5.html">
    
                    
                    小结
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.7" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/07.0.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/07.0.html">
    
                    
                    文本文件处理
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.7.1" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/07.1.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/07.1.html">
    
                    
                    XML处理
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.7.2" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/07.2.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/07.2.html">
    
                    
                    JSON处理
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.7.3" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/07.3.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/07.3.html">
    
                    
                    正则处理
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.7.4" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/07.4.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/07.4.html">
    
                    
                    模板处理
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.7.5" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/07.5.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/07.5.html">
    
                    
                    文件操作
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.7.6" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/07.6.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/07.6.html">
    
                    
                    字符串处理
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.7.7" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/07.7.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/07.7.html">
    
                    
                    小结
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.8" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/08.0.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/08.0.html">
    
                    
                    Web服务
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.8.1" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/08.1.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/08.1.html">
    
                    
                    Socket编程
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.8.2" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/08.2.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/08.2.html">
    
                    
                    WebSocket
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.8.3" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/08.3.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/08.3.html">
    
                    
                    REST
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.8.4" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/08.4.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/08.4.html">
    
                    
                    RPC
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.8.5" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/08.5.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/08.5.html">
    
                    
                    小结
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.9" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/09.0.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/09.0.html">
    
                    
                    安全与加密
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.9.1" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/09.1.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/09.1.html">
    
                    
                    预防CSRF攻击
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.9.2" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/09.2.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/09.2.html">
    
                    
                    确保输入过滤
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.9.3" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/09.3.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/09.3.html">
    
                    
                    避免XSS攻击
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.9.4" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/09.4.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/09.4.html">
    
                    
                    避免SQL注入
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.9.5" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/09.5.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/09.5.html">
    
                    
                    存储密码
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.9.6" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/09.6.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/09.6.html">
    
                    
                    加密和解密数据
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.9.7" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/09.7.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/09.7.html">
    
                    
                    小结
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.10" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/10.0.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/10.0.html">
    
                    
                    国际化和本地化
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.10.1" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/10.1.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/10.1.html">
    
                    
                    设置默认地区
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.10.2" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/10.2.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/10.2.html">
    
                    
                    本地化资源
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.10.3" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/10.3.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/10.3.html">
    
                    
                    国际化站点
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.10.4" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/10.4.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/10.4.html">
    
                    
                    小结
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.11" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/11.0.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/11.0.html">
    
                    
                    错误处理，调试和测试
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.11.1" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/11.1.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/11.1.html">
    
                    
                    错误处理
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.11.2" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/11.2.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/11.2.html">
    
                    
                    使用GDB调试
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.11.3" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/11.3.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/11.3.html">
    
                    
                    Go怎么写测试用例
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.11.4" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/11.4.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/11.4.html">
    
                    
                    小结
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.12" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/12.0.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/12.0.html">
    
                    
                    部署与维护
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.12.1" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/12.1.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/12.1.html">
    
                    
                    应用日志
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.12.2" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/12.2.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/12.2.html">
    
                    
                    网站错误处理
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.12.3" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/12.3.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/12.3.html">
    
                    
                    应用部署
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.12.4" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/12.4.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/12.4.html">
    
                    
                    备份和恢复
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.12.5" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/12.5.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/12.5.html">
    
                    
                    小结
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.13" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/13.0.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/13.0.html">
    
                    
                    如何设计一个Web框架
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.13.1" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/13.1.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/13.1.html">
    
                    
                    项目规划
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.13.2" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/13.2.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/13.2.html">
    
                    
                    自定义路由器设计
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.13.3" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/13.3.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/13.3.html">
    
                    
                    controller设计
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.13.4" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/13.4.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/13.4.html">
    
                    
                    日志和配置设计
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.13.5" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/13.5.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/13.5.html">
    
                    
                    实现博客的增删改
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.13.6" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/13.6.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/13.6.html">
    
                    
                    小结
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.14" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/14.0.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/14.0.html">
    
                    
                    扩展Web框架
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.14.1" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/14.1.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/14.1.html">
    
                    
                    静态文件支持
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.14.2" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/14.2.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/14.2.html">
    
                    
                    Session支持
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.14.3" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/14.3.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/14.3.html">
    
                    
                    表单支持
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.14.4" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/14.4.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/14.4.html">
    
                    
                    用户认证
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.14.5" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/14.5.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/14.5.html">
    
                    
                    多语言支持
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.14.6" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/14.6.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/14.6.html">
    
                    
                    pprof支持
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.14.7" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/14.7.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/14.7.html">
    
                    
                    小结
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.15" data-path="../../build-web-application-with-golang/ref.html">
  
  <a href="../../build-web-application-with-golang/ref.html">
    
                    
                    参考资料
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5" data-path="../">
  
  <a href="../">
    
                    
                    Go语言高级编程
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1" data-path="../ch1-basic/readme.html">
  
  <a href="../ch1-basic/readme.html">
    
                    
                    第1章 语言基础
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.1" data-path="../ch1-basic/ch1-01-genesis.html">
  
  <a href="../ch1-basic/ch1-01-genesis.html">
    
                    
                    1.1 Go语言创世纪
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.2" data-path="../ch1-basic/ch1-02-hello-revolution.html">
  
  <a href="../ch1-basic/ch1-02-hello-revolution.html">
    
                    
                    1.2 Hello, World 的革命
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.3" data-path="../ch1-basic/ch1-03-array-string-and-slice.html">
  
  <a href="../ch1-basic/ch1-03-array-string-and-slice.html">
    
                    
                    1.3 数组、字符串和切片
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.4" data-path="../ch1-basic/ch1-04-func-method-interface.html">
  
  <a href="../ch1-basic/ch1-04-func-method-interface.html">
    
                    
                    1.4 函数、方法和接口
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.5" data-path="../ch1-basic/ch1-05-mem.html">
  
  <a href="../ch1-basic/ch1-05-mem.html">
    
                    
                    1.5 面向并发的内存模型
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.6" data-path="../ch1-basic/ch1-06-goroutine.html">
  
  <a href="../ch1-basic/ch1-06-goroutine.html">
    
                    
                    1.6 常见的并发模式
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.7" data-path="../ch1-basic/ch1-07-error-and-panic.html">
  
  <a href="../ch1-basic/ch1-07-error-and-panic.html">
    
                    
                    1.7 错误和异常
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.8" data-path="../ch1-basic/ch1-08-ext.html">
  
  <a href="../ch1-basic/ch1-08-ext.html">
    
                    
                    1.8 补充说明
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2" data-path="../ch2-cgo/readme.html">
  
  <a href="../ch2-cgo/readme.html">
    
                    
                    第2章 CGO编程
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.1" data-path="../ch2-cgo/ch2-01-hello-cgo.html">
  
  <a href="../ch2-cgo/ch2-01-hello-cgo.html">
    
                    
                    2.1 快速入门
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.2" data-path="../ch2-cgo/ch2-02-basic.html">
  
  <a href="../ch2-cgo/ch2-02-basic.html">
    
                    
                    2.2 CGO基础
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.3" data-path="../ch2-cgo/ch2-03-cgo-types.html">
  
  <a href="../ch2-cgo/ch2-03-cgo-types.html">
    
                    
                    2.3 类型转换
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.4" data-path="../ch2-cgo/ch2-04-func.html">
  
  <a href="../ch2-cgo/ch2-04-func.html">
    
                    
                    2.4 函数调用
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.5" data-path="../ch2-cgo/ch2-05-internal.html">
  
  <a href="../ch2-cgo/ch2-05-internal.html">
    
                    
                    2.5 内部机制
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.6" data-path="../ch2-cgo/ch2-06-qsort.html">
  
  <a href="../ch2-cgo/ch2-06-qsort.html">
    
                    
                    2.6 实战: 封装qsort
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.7" data-path="../ch2-cgo/ch2-07-memory.html">
  
  <a href="../ch2-cgo/ch2-07-memory.html">
    
                    
                    2.7 CGO内存模型
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.8" data-path="../ch2-cgo/ch2-08-class.html">
  
  <a href="../ch2-cgo/ch2-08-class.html">
    
                    
                    2.8 C++类包装
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.9" data-path="../ch2-cgo/ch2-09-static-shared-lib.html">
  
  <a href="../ch2-cgo/ch2-09-static-shared-lib.html">
    
                    
                    2.9 静态库和动态库
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.10" data-path="../ch2-cgo/ch2-10-link.html">
  
  <a href="../ch2-cgo/ch2-10-link.html">
    
                    
                    2.10 编译和链接参数
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.11" data-path="../ch2-cgo/ch2-11-ext.html">
  
  <a href="../ch2-cgo/ch2-11-ext.html">
    
                    
                    2.11 补充说明
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3" data-path="../ch3-asm/readme.html">
  
  <a href="../ch3-asm/readme.html">
    
                    
                    第3章 汇编语言
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.1" data-path="../ch3-asm/ch3-01-basic.html">
  
  <a href="../ch3-asm/ch3-01-basic.html">
    
                    
                    3.1 快速入门
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.2" data-path="../ch3-asm/ch3-02-arch.html">
  
  <a href="../ch3-asm/ch3-02-arch.html">
    
                    
                    3.2 计算机结构
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.3" data-path="../ch3-asm/ch3-03-const-and-var.html">
  
  <a href="../ch3-asm/ch3-03-const-and-var.html">
    
                    
                    3.3 常量和全局变量
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.4" data-path="../ch3-asm/ch3-04-func.html">
  
  <a href="../ch3-asm/ch3-04-func.html">
    
                    
                    3.4 函数
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.5" data-path="../ch3-asm/ch3-05-control-flow.html">
  
  <a href="../ch3-asm/ch3-05-control-flow.html">
    
                    
                    3.5 控制流
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.6" data-path="../ch3-asm/ch3-06-func-again.html">
  
  <a href="../ch3-asm/ch3-06-func-again.html">
    
                    
                    3.6 再论函数
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.7" data-path="../ch3-asm/ch3-07-hack-asm.html">
  
  <a href="../ch3-asm/ch3-07-hack-asm.html">
    
                    
                    3.7 汇编语言的威力
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.8" data-path="../ch3-asm/ch3-08-goroutine-id.html">
  
  <a href="../ch3-asm/ch3-08-goroutine-id.html">
    
                    
                    3.8 例子：Goroutine ID
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.9" data-path="../ch3-asm/ch3-09-debug.html">
  
  <a href="../ch3-asm/ch3-09-debug.html">
    
                    
                    3.9 Delve调试器
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.10" data-path="../ch3-asm/ch3-10-ext.html">
  
  <a href="../ch3-asm/ch3-10-ext.html">
    
                    
                    3.10 补充说明
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4" data-path="../ch4-rpc/readme.html">
  
  <a href="../ch4-rpc/readme.html">
    
                    
                    第4章 RPC和Protobuf
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4.1" data-path="../ch4-rpc/ch4-01-rpc-intro.html">
  
  <a href="../ch4-rpc/ch4-01-rpc-intro.html">
    
                    
                    4.1 RPC入门
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4.2" data-path="../ch4-rpc/ch4-02-pb-intro.html">
  
  <a href="../ch4-rpc/ch4-02-pb-intro.html">
    
                    
                    4.2 Protobuf
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4.3" data-path="../ch4-rpc/ch4-03-netrpc-hack.html">
  
  <a href="../ch4-rpc/ch4-03-netrpc-hack.html">
    
                    
                    4.3 玩转RPC
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4.4" data-path="../ch4-rpc/ch4-04-grpc.html">
  
  <a href="../ch4-rpc/ch4-04-grpc.html">
    
                    
                    4.4 GRPC入门
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4.5" data-path="../ch4-rpc/ch4-05-grpc-hack.html">
  
  <a href="../ch4-rpc/ch4-05-grpc-hack.html">
    
                    
                    4.5 GRPC进阶
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4.6" data-path="../ch4-rpc/ch4-06-grpc-ext.html">
  
  <a href="../ch4-rpc/ch4-06-grpc-ext.html">
    
                    
                    4.6 GRPC和Protobuf扩展
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4.7" data-path="../ch4-rpc/ch4-07-pbgo.html">
  
  <a href="../ch4-rpc/ch4-07-pbgo.html">
    
                    
                    4.7 pbgo: 基于Protobuf的框架
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4.8" data-path="../ch4-rpc/ch4-08-grpcurl.html">
  
  <a href="../ch4-rpc/ch4-08-grpcurl.html">
    
                    
                    4.8 grpcurl工具
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4.9" data-path="../ch4-rpc/ch4-09-ext.html">
  
  <a href="../ch4-rpc/ch4-09-ext.html">
    
                    
                    4.9 补充说明
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.5" data-path="readme.html">
  
  <a href="readme.html">
    
                    
                    第5章 Go和Web
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.5.1" data-path="ch5-01-introduction.html">
  
  <a href="ch5-01-introduction.html">
    
                    
                    5.1 Web开发简介
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.5.2" data-path="ch5-02-router.html">
  
  <a href="ch5-02-router.html">
    
                    
                    5.2 Router请求路由
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.5.3" data-path="ch5-03-middleware.html">
  
  <a href="ch5-03-middleware.html">
    
                    
                    5.3 Middleware中间件
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.5.4" data-path="ch5-04-validator.html">
  
  <a href="ch5-04-validator.html">
    
                    
                    5.4 Validator请求校验
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.5.5" data-path="ch5-05-database.html">
  
  <a href="ch5-05-database.html">
    
                    
                    5.5 Database和数据库打交道
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.5.6" data-path="ch5-06-ratelimit.html">
  
  <a href="ch5-06-ratelimit.html">
    
                    
                    5.6 Ratelimit 服务流量限制
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.5.7" data-path="ch5-07-layout-of-web-project.html">
  
  <a href="ch5-07-layout-of-web-project.html">
    
                    
                    5.7 Layout大型web项目分层
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.5.8" data-path="ch5-08-interface-and-web.html">
  
  <a href="ch5-08-interface-and-web.html">
    
                    
                    5.8 interface 和 table-driven 开发
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter active" data-level="1.5.5.9" data-path="ch5-09-gated-launch.html">
  
  <a href="ch5-09-gated-launch.html">
    
                    
                    5.9 灰度发布和 A/B test
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.5.10" data-path="ch5-10-ext.html">
  
  <a href="ch5-10-ext.html">
    
                    
                    5.10 补充说明
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.6" data-path="../ch6-cloud/readme.html">
  
  <a href="../ch6-cloud/readme.html">
    
                    
                    第6章 分布式系统
            
    </a>
    

    
    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.6.1" data-path="../ch6-cloud/ch6-01-dist-id.html">
  
  <a href="../ch6-cloud/ch6-01-dist-id.html">
    
                    
                    6.1 分布式 id 生成器
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.6.2" data-path="../ch6-cloud/ch6-02-lock.html">
  
  <a href="../ch6-cloud/ch6-02-lock.html">
    
                    
                    6.2 分布式锁
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.6.3" data-path="../ch6-cloud/ch6-03-delay-job.html">
  
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                    6.3 延时任务系统
            
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</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.6.4" data-path="../ch6-cloud/ch6-04-search-engine.html">
  
  <a href="../ch6-cloud/ch6-04-search-engine.html">
    
                    
                    6.4 分布式搜索引擎
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.6.5" data-path="../ch6-cloud/ch6-05-load-balance.html">
  
  <a href="../ch6-cloud/ch6-05-load-balance.html">
    
                    
                    6.5 负载均衡
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.6.6" data-path="../ch6-cloud/ch6-06-config.html">
  
  <a href="../ch6-cloud/ch6-06-config.html">
    
                    
                    6.6 分布式配置管理
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.6.7" data-path="../ch6-cloud/ch6-07-crawler.html">
  
  <a href="../ch6-cloud/ch6-07-crawler.html">
    
                    
                    6.7 分布式爬虫
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.6.8" data-path="../ch6-cloud/ch6-08-ext.html">
  
  <a href="../ch6-cloud/ch6-08-ext.html">
    
                    
                    6.8 补充说明
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>


    </ul>
    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.7" data-path="../appendix/readme.html">
  
  <a href="../appendix/readme.html">
    
                    
                    附录
            
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    <ul class="articles">
      

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.7.1" data-path="../appendix/appendix-a-trap.html">
  
  <a href="../appendix/appendix-a-trap.html">
    
                    
                    附录A: Go语言常见坑
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.7.2" data-path="../appendix/appendix-b-gems.html">
  
  <a href="../appendix/appendix-b-gems.html">
    
                    
                    附录B: 有趣的代码片段
            
    </a>
    

    
</li>

<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.7.3" data-path="../appendix/appendix-c-author.html">
  
  <a href="../appendix/appendix-c-author.html">
    
                    
                    附录C: 作者简介
            
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</li>


    </ul>
    
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                                <h1 id="59-&#x7070;&#x5EA6;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x548C;-ab-test">5.9 &#x7070;&#x5EA6;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x548C; A/B test</h1>
<p>&#x4E2D;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x4E92;&#x8054;&#x7F51;&#x516C;&#x53F8;&#x5F80;&#x5F80;&#x6709;&#x7740;&#x4EE5;&#x767E;&#x4E07;&#x8BA1;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x5927;&#x578B;&#x4E92;&#x8054;&#x7F51;&#x516C;&#x53F8;&#x7684;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x5219;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x8981;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5343;&#x4E07;&#x7EA7;&#x751A;&#x81F3;&#x4EBF;&#x7EA7;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x9700;&#x6C42;&#x3002;&#x5927;&#x578B;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7684;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x6D41;&#x5165;&#x5F80;&#x5F80;&#x662F;&#x6E90;&#x6E90;&#x4E0D;&#x65AD;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x98CE;&#x5439;&#x8349;&#x52A8;&#xFF0C;&#x90FD;&#x4E00;&#x5B9A;&#x4F1A;&#x6709;&#x6700;&#x7EC8;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x611F;&#x53D7;&#x5F97;&#x5230;&#x3002;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x4F60;&#x7684;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x5728;&#x4E0A;&#x7EBF;&#x9014;&#x4E2D;&#x4F1A;&#x62D2;&#x7EDD;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x4E0A;&#x6E38;&#x8FC7;&#x6765;&#x7684;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x8FD9;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x4F9D;&#x8D56;&#x4F60;&#x7684;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x505A;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x5BB9;&#x9519;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x4E00;&#x76F4;&#x5411;&#x4E0A;&#x629B;&#x51FA;&#xFF0C;&#x76F4;&#x5230;&#x89E6;&#x8FBE;&#x6700;&#x7EC8;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x3002;&#x5F62;&#x6210;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x5BF9;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5207;&#x5207;&#x5B9E;&#x5B9E;&#x7684;&#x4F24;&#x5BB3;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x4F24;&#x5BB3;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x662F;&#x5728;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7684; app &#x4E0A;&#x5F39;&#x51FA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x8BA9;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x6478;&#x4E0D;&#x7740;&#x5934;&#x8111;&#x7684;&#x8BE1;&#x5F02;&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x53EA;&#x8981;&#x5237;&#x65B0;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x9875;&#x9762;&#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5FD8;&#x8BB0;&#x8FD9;&#x4EF6;&#x4E8B;&#x3002;&#x4F46;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x8BA9;&#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x5FC3;&#x6025;&#x5982;&#x711A;&#x5730;&#x548C;&#x51E0;&#x4E07;&#x7ADE;&#x4E89;&#x5BF9;&#x624B;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x62A2;&#x593A;&#x79D2;&#x6740;&#x5546;&#x54C1;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x5C0F;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#xFF0C;&#x4E27;&#x5931;&#x6389;&#x4E86;&#x5148;&#x53D1;&#x4F18;&#x52BF;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0E;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x8E72;&#x4E86;&#x51E0;&#x4E2A;&#x6708;&#x7684;&#x5FC3;&#x4EEA;&#x4EA7;&#x54C1;&#x5931;&#x4E4B;&#x4EA4;&#x81C2;&#x3002;&#x5BF9;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7684;&#x4F24;&#x5BB3;&#x6709;&#x591A;&#x5927;&#xFF0C;&#x53D6;&#x51B3;&#x4E8E;&#x4F60;&#x7684;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x4F60;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x6765;&#x8BF4;&#x6709;&#x591A;&#x91CD;&#x8981;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4E0D;&#x7BA1;&#x600E;&#x4E48;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x5927;&#x578B;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x4E2D;&#x5BB9;&#x9519;&#x662F;&#x91CD;&#x8981;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x80FD;&#x591F;&#x8BA9;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x6309;&#x767E;&#x5206;&#x6BD4;&#xFF0C;&#x5206;&#x6279;&#x6B21;&#x5230;&#x8FBE;&#x6700;&#x7EC8;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x662F;&#x5F88;&#x91CD;&#x8981;&#x7684;&#x3002;&#x867D;&#x7136;&#x5F53;&#x4ECA;&#x7684;&#x4E92;&#x8054;&#x7F51;&#x516C;&#x53F8;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#xFF0C;&#x540D;&#x4E49;&#x4E0A;&#x4F1A;&#x8BF4;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x4E0A;&#x7EBF;&#x524D;&#x90FD;&#x7ECF;&#x8FC7;&#x4E86;&#x5145;&#x5206;&#x614E;&#x91CD;&#x4E25;&#x683C;&#x7684;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x5C31;&#x7B97;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x771F;&#x5F97;&#x505A;&#x5230;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x7684; bug &#x603B;&#x662F;&#x5728;&#x6240;&#x96BE;&#x514D;&#x7684;&#x3002;&#x5373;&#x4F7F;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x6CA1;&#x6709; bug&#xFF0C;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x5F0F;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x534F;&#x4F5C;&#x4E5F;&#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x201C;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x201D;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x975E;&#x6280;&#x672F;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x7684;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x7070;&#x5EA6;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x5C31;&#x663E;&#x5F97;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x91CD;&#x8981;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x7070;&#x5EA6;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x4E5F;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A;&#x91D1;&#x4E1D;&#x96C0;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#xFF0C;&#x4F20;&#x8BF4; 17 &#x4E16;&#x7EAA;&#x7684;&#x82F1;&#x56FD;&#x77FF;&#x4E95;&#x5DE5;&#x4EBA;&#x53D1;&#x73B0;&#x91D1;&#x4E1D;&#x96C0;&#x5BF9;&#x74E6;&#x65AF;&#x6C14;&#x4F53;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x654F;&#x611F;&#xFF0C;&#x74E6;&#x65AF;&#x8FBE;&#x5230;&#x4E00;&#x5B9A;&#x6D53;&#x5EA6;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x91D1;&#x4E1D;&#x96C0;&#x5373;&#x4F1A;&#x6B7B;&#x4EA1;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x91D1;&#x4E1D;&#x96C0;&#x7684;&#x81F4;&#x6B7B;&#x91CF;&#x74E6;&#x65AF;&#x5BF9;&#x4EBA;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x81F4;&#x6B7B;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x91D1;&#x4E1D;&#x96C0;&#x88AB;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x5F53;&#x6210;&#x4ED6;&#x4EEC;&#x7684;&#x74E6;&#x65AF;&#x68C0;&#x6D4B;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x3002;&#x4E92;&#x8054;&#x7F51;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7684;&#x7070;&#x5EA6;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4E24;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ol>
<li>&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5206;&#x6279;&#x6B21;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x7070;&#x5EA6;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;</li>
<li>&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4E1A;&#x52A1;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x7070;&#x5EA6;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;</li>
</ol>
<p>&#x5728;&#x5BF9;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7684;&#x65E7;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5347;&#x7EA7;&#x8FED;&#x4EE3;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x591A;&#x3002;&#x65B0;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x4E0A;&#x7EBF;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x7B2C;&#x4E8C;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x591A;&#x3002;&#x5F53;&#x7136;&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x91CD;&#x8981;&#x7684;&#x8001;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8F83;&#x5927;&#x5E45;&#x5EA6;&#x7684;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x4E5F;&#x4F1A;&#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x6309;&#x4E1A;&#x52A1;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x6765;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x5168;&#x91CF;&#x5F00;&#x653E;&#x7ED9;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x98CE;&#x9669;&#x5B9E;&#x5728;&#x592A;&#x5927;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="591-&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5206;&#x6279;&#x6B21;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x7070;&#x5EA6;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;">5.9.1 &#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5206;&#x6279;&#x6B21;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x7070;&#x5EA6;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;</h2>
<p>&#x5047;&#x5982;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x5728; 15 &#x4E2A;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;(&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x662F;&#x7269;&#x7406;&#x673A;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x662F;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;)&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x628A;&#x8FD9; 7 &#x4E2A;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5206;&#x4E3A;&#x4E09;&#x7EC4;&#xFF0C;&#x6309;&#x7167;&#x5148;&#x540E;&#x987A;&#x5E8F;&#xFF0C;&#x5206;&#x522B;&#x6709; 1-2-4-8 &#x53F0;&#x673A;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x4FDD;&#x8BC1;&#x6BCF;&#x6B21;&#x6269;&#x5C55;&#x65F6;&#x5927;&#x6982;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x4E8C;&#x500D;&#x7684;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code>&#x250C;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2510;    &#x250C;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2510;    &#x250C;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2510;    &#x250C;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2510;
&#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x250C;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2510;&#x2502;
&#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2518;&#x2502;
&#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x250C;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2510;&#x2502;
&#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2518;&#x2502;
&#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x250C;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2510;&#x2502;
&#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2518;&#x2502;
&#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x250C;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2510;&#x2502;
&#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2518;&#x2502;
&#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x250C;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2510;&#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x250C;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2510;&#x2502;
&#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2518;&#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2518;&#x2502;
&#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x250C;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2510;&#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x250C;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2510;&#x2502;
&#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2518;&#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2518;&#x2502;
&#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x250C;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2510;&#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x250C;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2510;&#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x250C;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2510;&#x2502;
&#x2502;       &#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2518;&#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2518;&#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2518;&#x2502;
&#x2502;&#x250C;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2510;&#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x250C;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2510;&#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x250C;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2510;&#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x250C;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2510;&#x2502;
&#x2502;&#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2518;&#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2518;&#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2518;&#x2502;    &#x2502;&#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2518;&#x2502;
&#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2518;    &#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2518;    &#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2518;    &#x2514;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2500;&#x2518;


 group1       group2       group3       group4
</code></pre><p>&#x4E3A;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x8981;&#x7528; 2 &#x500D;&#xFF1F;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x80FD;&#x591F;&#x4FDD;&#x8BC1;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E0D;&#x7BA1;&#x6709;&#x591A;&#x5C11;&#x53F0;&#x673A;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x90FD;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x628A;&#x7EC4;&#x5212;&#x5206;&#x5F97;&#x592A;&#x591A;&#x3002;&#x4F8B;&#x5982; 1024 &#x53F0;&#x673A;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x4E0A;&#x4E5F;&#x5C31;&#x53EA;&#x9700;&#x8981; 1-2-4-8-16-32-64-128-256-512 &#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x5341;&#x6B21;&#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5168;&#x90E8;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x5B8C;&#x6BD5;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E0A;&#x7EBF;&#x6700;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x5F71;&#x54CD;&#x5230;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5728;&#x6574;&#x4F53;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x4E2D;&#x5360;&#x7684;&#x6BD4;&#x4F8B;&#x4E5F;&#x4E0D;&#x5927;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x5982; 1000 &#x53F0;&#x673A;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E0A;&#x7EBF;&#x540E;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x53EA;&#x5F71;&#x54CD; 1/1000 &#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C; 10 &#x7EC4;&#x5B8C;&#x5168;&#x5E73;&#x5747;&#x5206;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E00;&#x4E0A;&#x7EBF;&#x7ACB;&#x523B;&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x5F71;&#x54CD; 1/10 &#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#xFF0C;1/10 &#x7684;&#x4E1A;&#x52A1;&#x51FA;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x516C;&#x53F8;&#x6765;&#x8BF4;&#x5C31;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x573A;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x633D;&#x56DE;&#x7684;&#x4E8B;&#x6545;&#x4E86;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5728;&#x4E0A;&#x7EBF;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x6700;&#x6709;&#x6548;&#x7684;&#x89C2;&#x5BDF;&#x624B;&#x6CD5;&#x662F;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x7684;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x8F83;&#x660E;&#x663E;&#x7684;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x7684;&#x6EDA;&#x52A8;&#x901F;&#x5EA6;&#x90FD;&#x4F1A;&#x6709;&#x8089;&#x773C;&#x53EF;&#x89C1;&#x7684;&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7; metrics &#x4E00;&#x7C7B;&#x7684;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x4E0A;&#x62A5;&#x7ED9;&#x516C;&#x53F8;&#x5185;&#x7684;&#x76D1;&#x63A7;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x4E0A;&#x7EBF;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x89C2;&#x5BDF;&#x76D1;&#x63A7;&#x66F2;&#x7EBF;&#xFF0C;&#x6765;&#x5224;&#x65AD;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6709;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6709;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#xFF0C;&#x9996;&#x5148;&#x8981;&#x505A;&#x7684;&#x81EA;&#x7136;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x56DE;&#x6EDA;&#x4E86;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="592-&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4E1A;&#x52A1;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x7070;&#x5EA6;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;">5.9.2 &#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4E1A;&#x52A1;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x7070;&#x5EA6;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;</h2>
<p>&#x5E38;&#x89C1;&#x7684;&#x7070;&#x5EA6;&#x7B56;&#x7565;&#x6709;&#x591A;&#x79CD;&#xFF0C;&#x8F83;&#x4E3A;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684;&#x9700;&#x6C42;&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7684;&#x7B56;&#x7565;&#x662F;&#x8981;&#x6309;&#x7167;&#x5343;&#x5206;&#x6BD4;&#x6765;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7528;&#x7528;&#x6237; id&#x3001;&#x624B;&#x673A;&#x53F7;&#x3001;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x8BBE;&#x5907;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#xFF0C;&#x7B49;&#x7B49;&#xFF0C;&#x6765;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684;&#x54C8;&#x5E0C;&#x503C;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x518D;&#x6C42;&#x6A21;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x4F2A;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-go"><span class="hljs-comment">// pass 3/1000</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> passed() <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> {
    key := hashFunctions(userID) % <span class="hljs-number">1000</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> key &lt;= <span class="hljs-number">2</span> {
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>
    }

    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal">false</span>
}
</code></pre>
<h3 id="5921-&#x53EF;&#x9009;&#x89C4;&#x5219;">5.9.2.1 &#x53EF;&#x9009;&#x89C4;&#x5219;</h3>
<p>&#x5E38;&#x89C1;&#x7684;&#x7070;&#x5EA6;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x4F1A;&#x6709;&#x4E0B;&#x5217;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x9009;&#x62E9;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ol>
<li>&#x6309;&#x57CE;&#x5E02;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;</li>
<li>&#x6309;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;</li>
<li>&#x6309;&#x767E;&#x5206;&#x6BD4;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;</li>
<li>&#x6309;&#x767D;&#x540D;&#x5355;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;</li>
<li>&#x6309;&#x4E1A;&#x52A1;&#x7EBF;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;</li>
<li>&#x6309; UA &#x53D1;&#x5E03;(app&#x3001;web&#x3001;pc)</li>
<li>&#x6309;&#x5206;&#x53D1;&#x6E20;&#x9053;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;</li>
</ol>
<p>&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x548C;&#x516C;&#x53F8;&#x7684;&#x4E1A;&#x52A1;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x57CE;&#x5E02;&#x3001;&#x4E1A;&#x52A1;&#x7EBF;&#x3001;UA&#x3001;&#x5206;&#x53D1;&#x6E20;&#x9053;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x90FD;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x7F16;&#x7801;&#x5728;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x91CC;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x8FC7;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x5176;&#x5B9E;&#x5927;&#x540C;&#x5C0F;&#x5F02;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6309;&#x767D;&#x540D;&#x5355;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#xFF0C;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x4E0A;&#x7EBF;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5E0C;&#x671B;&#x53EA;&#x6709;&#x516C;&#x53F8;&#x5185;&#x90E8;&#x7684;&#x5458;&#x5DE5;&#x548C;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x5230;&#x65B0;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x628A;&#x8D26;&#x53F7;&#x3001;&#x90AE;&#x7BB1;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x5230;&#x767D;&#x540D;&#x5355;&#xFF0C;&#x62D2;&#x7EDD;&#x5176;&#x5B83;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x8D26;&#x53F7;&#x7684;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6309;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x5219;&#x662F;&#x6307;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-go"><span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> isTrue() <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> {
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>/<span class="hljs-literal">false</span> according to the rate provided by user
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5176;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6309;&#x7167;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE; true/false&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x7136;&#xFF0C;true &#x7684;&#x6982;&#x7387; + false &#x7684;&#x6982;&#x7387; = 100%&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x4E0D;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x8F93;&#x5165;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6309;&#x767E;&#x5206;&#x6BD4;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#xFF0C;&#x662F;&#x6307;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-go"><span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> isTrue(phone <span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> {
    <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> hash of phone matches {
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>
    }

    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal">false</span>
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6309;&#x7167;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x767E;&#x5206;&#x6BD4;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684; true &#x548C; false&#xFF0C;&#x548C;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x5355;&#x7EAF;&#x6309;&#x7167;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x7684;&#x533A;&#x522B;&#x662F;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x65B9;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x7ED9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x8F93;&#x5165;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4EE5;&#x8BE5;&#x8F93;&#x5165;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x6E90;&#x6765;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x54C8;&#x5E0C;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4EE5;&#x54C8;&#x5E0C;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x6765;&#x6C42;&#x6A21;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4FDD;&#x8BC1;&#x540C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7684;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x591A;&#x6B21;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x81F4;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x573A;&#x666F;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x53EF;&#x9884;&#x671F;&#x7684;&#x7070;&#x5EA6;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-shell">                                            .---------.
                                           (  user_2   )
                                            `---------&apos;
                                            +--------+
                      .---------.           | set.V2 |---------------------+
                     (  user_1   )          +--------+                     |
                      `---------&apos;                |                         |
                      +--------+                 |                         |
       +--------------| set.V2 |                 |                         |
       |              +--------+                 |                         |
       |                   |                     |                         |
       v                   |                     |                         v
+-------------+            |                     |                  +-------------+
| storage_v1  |            |                     |                  | storage_v2  |
+-------------+            |                     |                  +-------------+
       |                   |                     |                         |
       |                   |                     |                         |
       |                   |                     |                         |
       |                   v                     |                         |
       |              +--------+                 |                         |
       +-------------&gt;| get.V2 |                 |                         |
                      +--------+                 |                         |
                                                 |                         |
                                                 v                         |
                                            +--------+                     |
                                            | get.V2 |&lt;--------------------+
                                            +--------+
</code></pre>
<h2 id="593-&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x4E00;&#x5957;&#x7070;&#x5EA6;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;">5.9.3 &#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x4E00;&#x5957;&#x7070;&#x5EA6;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;</h2>
<p>&#x524D;&#x9762;&#x4E5F;&#x63D0;&#x5230;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x7ED9;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7684;&#x63A5;&#x53E3;&#x5927;&#x6982;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5206;&#x4E3A;&#x548C;&#x4E1A;&#x52A1;&#x7ED1;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7070;&#x5EA6;&#x5224;&#x65AD;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x3002;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x8F93;&#x5165;&#x7A0D;&#x5FAE;&#x590D;&#x6742;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x7684;&#x54C8;&#x5E0C;&#x7070;&#x5EA6;&#x3002;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x6765;&#x5206;&#x522B;&#x770B;&#x770B;&#x600E;&#x4E48;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x7070;&#x5EA6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;(&#x51FD;&#x6570;)&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="5931-&#x4E1A;&#x52A1;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x7684;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7070;&#x5EA6;">5.9.3.1 &#x4E1A;&#x52A1;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x7684;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7070;&#x5EA6;</h3>
<p>&#x516C;&#x53F8;&#x5185;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x90FD;&#x4F1A;&#x6709;&#x516C;&#x5171;&#x7684;&#x57CE;&#x5E02;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#x548C; id &#x7684;&#x6620;&#x5C04;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4E1A;&#x52A1;&#x53EA;&#x6D89;&#x53CA;&#x4E2D;&#x56FD;&#x56FD;&#x5185;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x57CE;&#x5E02;&#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x7279;&#x522B;&#x591A;&#xFF0C;&#x4E14; id &#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x90FD;&#x5728; 10000 &#x8303;&#x56F4;&#x4EE5;&#x5185;&#x3002;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EA;&#x8981;&#x5F00;&#x8F9F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4E00;&#x4E07;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x5DE6;&#x53F3;&#x7684; bool &#x6570;&#x7EC4;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6EE1;&#x8DB3;&#x9700;&#x6C42;&#x4E86;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-go"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> cityID2Open = [<span class="hljs-number">12000</span>]<span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span>{}

<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> init() {
    readConfig()
    <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> i:=<span class="hljs-number">0</span>;i&lt;<span class="hljs-built_in">len</span>(cityID2Open);i++ {
        <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> city i is opened in configs {
            cityID2Open = <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>
        }
    }
}

<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> isPassed(cityID <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> {
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> cityID2Open[cityID]
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x516C;&#x53F8;&#x7ED9; cityID &#x8D4B;&#x7684;&#x503C;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x5927;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8003;&#x8651;&#x7528; map &#x6765;&#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#x6620;&#x5C04;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#xFF0C;map &#x7684;&#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x6BD4;&#x6570;&#x7EC4;&#x7A0D;&#x6162;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x6269;&#x5C55;&#x4F1A;&#x7075;&#x6D3B;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-go"><span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> cityID2Open = <span class="hljs-keyword">map</span>[<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span>]<span class="hljs-keyword">struct</span>{}{}

<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> init() {
    readConfig()
    <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> _, city := <span class="hljs-keyword">range</span> openCities {
        cityID2Open[city] = <span class="hljs-keyword">struct</span>{}{}
    }
}

<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> isPassed(cityID <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> {
    <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> _, ok := cityID2Open[cityID]; ok {
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>
    }

    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal">false</span>
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6309;&#x767D;&#x540D;&#x5355;&#x3001;&#x6309;&#x4E1A;&#x52A1;&#x7EBF;&#x3001;&#x6309; UA&#x3001;&#x6309;&#x5206;&#x53D1;&#x6E20;&#x9053;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#xFF0C;&#x672C;&#x8D28;&#x4E0A;&#x548C;&#x6309;&#x57CE;&#x5E02;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x5C31;&#x4E0D;&#x518D;&#x8D58;&#x8FF0;&#x4E86;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6309;&#x6982;&#x7387;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x7A0D;&#x5FAE;&#x7279;&#x6B8A;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x8FC7;&#x4E0D;&#x8003;&#x8651;&#x8F93;&#x5165;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x8D77;&#x6765;&#x4E5F;&#x5F88;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-go">
<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> init() {
    rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
}

<span class="hljs-comment">// rate &#x4E3A; 0~100</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> isPassed(rate <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword">bool</span> {
    <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> rate &gt;= <span class="hljs-number">100</span> {
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>
    }

    <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> rate &gt; <span class="hljs-number">0</span> &amp;&amp; rand.Int(<span class="hljs-number">100</span>) &gt; rate {
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal">true</span>
    }

    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal">false</span>
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x79CD;&#x5B50;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="5932-&#x54C8;&#x5E0C;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;">5.9.3.2 &#x54C8;&#x5E0C;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;</h3>
<p>&#x6C42;&#x54C8;&#x5E0C;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x591A;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x5982; md5&#xFF0C;crc32&#xFF0C;sha1 &#x7B49;&#x7B49;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x7684;&#x76EE;&#x7684;&#x53EA;&#x662F;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x7ED9;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x505A;&#x4E2A;&#x6620;&#x5C04;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x60F3;&#x8981;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x54C8;&#x5E0C;&#x6D88;&#x8017;&#x8FC7;&#x591A;&#x7684; cpu&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#x4E1A;&#x754C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x8F83;&#x591A;&#x7684;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#x662F; murmurhash&#xFF0C;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x662F;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5BF9;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x5E38;&#x89C1;&#x7684; hash &#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x7B80;&#x5355; benchmark&#xFF1A;</p>
<p>hash.go:</p>
<pre><code class="lang-go"><span class="hljs-keyword">package</span> main

<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot;crypto/md5&quot;</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot;crypto/sha1&quot;</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot;github.com/spaolacci/murmur3&quot;</span>

<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> str = <span class="hljs-string">&quot;hello world&quot;</span>

<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> md5Hash() [<span class="hljs-number">16</span>]<span class="hljs-keyword">byte</span> {
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> md5.Sum([]<span class="hljs-keyword">byte</span>(str))
}

<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> sha1Hash() [<span class="hljs-number">20</span>]<span class="hljs-keyword">byte</span> {
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> sha1.Sum([]<span class="hljs-keyword">byte</span>(str))
}

<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> murmur32() <span class="hljs-keyword">uint32</span> {
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> murmur3.Sum32([]<span class="hljs-keyword">byte</span>(str))
}

<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> murmur64() <span class="hljs-keyword">uint64</span> {
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> murmur3.Sum64([]<span class="hljs-keyword">byte</span>(str))
}
</code></pre>
<p>hash_test.go</p>
<pre><code class="lang-go"><span class="hljs-keyword">package</span> main

<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot;testing&quot;</span>

<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> BenchmarkMD5(b *testing.B) {
    <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> i := <span class="hljs-number">0</span>; i &lt; b.N; i++ {
        md5Hash()
    }
}

<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> BenchmarkSHA1(b *testing.B) {
    <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> i := <span class="hljs-number">0</span>; i &lt; b.N; i++ {
        sha1Hash()
    }
}

<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> BenchmarkMurmurHash32(b *testing.B) {
    <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> i := <span class="hljs-number">0</span>; i &lt; b.N; i++ {
        murmur32()
    }
}

<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> BenchmarkMurmurHash64(b *testing.B) {
    <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> i := <span class="hljs-number">0</span>; i &lt; b.N; i++ {
        murmur64()
    }
}
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="lang-shell">~/t/g/hash_bench git:master &#x276F;&#x276F;&#x276F; go test -bench=.
goos: darwin
goarch: amd64
BenchmarkMD5-4                10000000           180 ns/op
BenchmarkSHA1-4               10000000           211 ns/op
BenchmarkMurmurHash32-4       50000000            25.7 ns/op
BenchmarkMurmurHash64-4       20000000            66.2 ns/op
PASS
ok      _/Users/caochunhui/test/go/hash_bench    7.050s
</code></pre>
<p>&#x53EF;&#x89C1; murmurhash &#x76F8;&#x6BD4;&#x5176;&#x5B83;&#x7684;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#x6709;&#x4E09;&#x500D;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#x63D0;&#x5347;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="5933-&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5747;&#x5300;">5.9.3.3 &#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5747;&#x5300;</h3>
<p>&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x54C8;&#x5E0C;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#x6765;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x65B9;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#xFF0C;&#x53E6;&#x4E00;&#x65B9;&#x9762;&#x8FD8;&#x8981;&#x8003;&#x8651;&#x54C8;&#x5E0C;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x503C;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x5747;&#x5300;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5148;&#x4EE5; 15810000000 &#x5F00;&#x5934;&#xFF0C;&#x9020;&#x4E00;&#x5343;&#x4E07;&#x4E2A;&#x548C;&#x624B;&#x673A;&#x53F7;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x5B57;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x5C06;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x54C8;&#x5E0C;&#x503C;&#x5206;&#x5341;&#x4E2A;&#x6876;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x89C2;&#x5BDF;&#x8BA1;&#x6570;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5747;&#x5300;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-go"><span class="hljs-keyword">package</span> main

<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> (
    <span class="hljs-string">&quot;fmt&quot;</span>

    <span class="hljs-string">&quot;github.com/spaolacci/murmur3&quot;</span>
)

<span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> bucketSize = <span class="hljs-number">10</span>

<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> main() {
    <span class="hljs-keyword">var</span> bucketMap = <span class="hljs-keyword">map</span>[<span class="hljs-keyword">uint64</span>]<span class="hljs-keyword">int</span>{}
    <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> i := <span class="hljs-number">15000000000</span>; i &lt; <span class="hljs-number">15000000000</span>+<span class="hljs-number">10000000</span>; i++ {
        hashInt := murmur64(fmt.Sprint(i)) % <span class="hljs-keyword">uint64</span>(bucketSize)
        bucketMap[hashInt]++
    }
    fmt.Println(bucketMap)
}

<span class="hljs-keyword">func</span> murmur64(p <span class="hljs-keyword">string</span>) <span class="hljs-keyword">uint64</span> {
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> murmur3.Sum64([]<span class="hljs-keyword">byte</span>(p))
}
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="lang-shell">map[7:999475 5:1000359 1:999945 6:1000200 3:1000193 9:1000765 2:1000044 4:1000343 8:1000823 0:997853]
</code></pre>
<p>&#x504F;&#x5DEE;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x90FD;&#x5728; 1/100 &#x4EE5;&#x5185;&#xFF0C;&#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x63A5;&#x53D7;&#x7684;&#x3002;</p>

                                
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